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Malduino Elite – First Impressions. A while back, I wrote an article about Malduino, an Arduino- based, open- source Bad. USB device. I found the project interesting so I signed up for an Elite version and sure enough, the friendly postman dropped it off in my mail box last Friday, which means I got to play around with it over the weekend. For those who missed the article, Malduino is USB device which is able to emulate a keyboard and inject keystrokes, among other things. When in a proper casing, it will just look like a USB flash drive. It’s like those things you see in the movies where a guy plugs in a device and it auto hacks the computer. It ships in two versions, Lite and Elite, both based on the ATmega.
U4. The Lite version is really small, besides the USB connector it only contains a switch, which allows the user to choose between running and programming mode, and a LED, which indicates when the script has finished running. Original Malduino Elite sketch and Lite prototype.
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The Elite version is bigger, comes with a Micro- SD card reader and four DIP switches, which allow the user to choose which script to run from the card. It also has the LED, which indicates when a script has finished to run.
This allows the user to burn the firmware only once and then program the keystroke injection scripts that stored in the Micro- SD card, in contrast to the Lite version which needs to be flashed each time a user wants to run a different script. These are the two Malduinos and because they are programmed straight from the Arduino IDE, every feature I just mentioned can be re- programmed, re- purposed or dropped all together. You can buy one and just choose to use it like a .
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This freedom was one the first things I liked about it and actually drove me to participate in the crowd- funding campaign. Read on for the full review. The Hardware. Malduino Elite vs USB flash drive.
So the Elite board arrived as schedule and I found myself some time to look an it. Despite being longer than the Lite version, it’s still quite small, measuring roughly 4.
USB case, although you’ll have to cut some holes for the DIP switches and the Micro- SD card. In the crowd- funding campaign, the original sketch was for a 3 DIP switch version but the final Elite has four, which I found nice. I plugged it in to an old computer, after some consideration about which firmware it could ship with and what it could do to my laptop, and sure enough a red LED appeared. And that was it. Nothing else. After playing around with the switches and exercising some RTFM, I realised that the firmware it ships with is probably some sort of Q. C. So far so good, it works and I’ve seen worse PCB boards than this one.
The board has holes for six pins, which I did not trace to the micro- controller and I don’t know what they are for. The Setup. Setting up the Malduino requires that you have the Arduino IDE installed and up to date. You’ll need to open up the board manager and install the Sparkfun boards since the Elite is programmed as a .
Then you need to go the Malduino Script Converter website which serves several purposes: It allows to convert scripts between the Lite and Elite versions. It allows you to choose your keyboard layout language. It auto generates the Arduino project for you to import to the IDEFor the Elite version, just create a simple or even empty script to download the project, since when in .
Like the user on this most useful post, my modem- manager was trying to talk with the Malduino after every reset and confused AVRDUDE to death. The solution is to add udev rules to “/etc/udev/rules. So I script that into a file and save it to 1. The Elite searches the Micro- SD card for a file corresponding to the current dip switch state.
Lets say the dip switch 2 and 4 are ON. In this case, the software tries to find the file named 0. When it finishes, the red LED starts flashing quickly. My simple script was: DELAY 2. ENTERBut it was not working.
Almost all commands worked but the ALT- F2 combo was not functioning properly. Close, but no cigar. No ALT- F2, no run command window. I’ve already lazy- browsed the source code a bit because I really didn’t have a lot of time on my hands but I needed to figure this out.
The offending code was this: else if(equals(s,e. It was ok for “F1. F1. 1” and “F1. 2”, but failed for the rest of the keys. Changing 3 to 2 did the trick, but my Portuguese keyboard layout started to interfere with other test scripts. So I changed the code to include PT and UK layouts, changing them in a #define at compile time. It would be cool if it was possible to access the SD card from the computer as a regular USB volume. I don’t know exactly how feasible that is, but it does not come with the current firmware.
I still wanted to be able to output the content of an arbitrary file on the SD card to the screen, so I added another script function called ECHOFILEHEX that outputs the content of a file in the SD card as escape characters. For example, if the file a.
AAA”, the script command ECHOFILEHEX a. This can be useful to echo binary files into printf or echo - e, in Linux hosts at least. Meanwhile, I had some trouble reading the original code. You know, we all have different programming styles. Don’t get me wrong, I’ve been known to write some messed- up spaghetti code. I sometimes browse old projects looking for some libs or classes I coded and wonder .
Anyway, I started to change a bit here and there and ended up changing pretty much the entire code. That’s the beauty and the curse of open- source. If you’re curious you can check it out here. Conclusion. All in all, and despite some bumps, I’m quite pleased with Malduino. It is what I expected: an open platform for Bad. USB attacks that’s in its infancy.
It’s awesome that we can all tinker with it, modify it, make it better or just make it suit our needs. I hope a real community can start so we can see its full potential emerge. Buy The Limehouse Golem Movie (2017) The Movie On Dvd there. My short list includes simulating other USB devices, better SD card management, and expanding the device via the unused pins. What would you add?
It’s a long way to go and a lot can go wrong, so good luck with the project.